C++26: Module improvements

This article discusses the enhancements and improvements made to modules in C++26, providing insights into their implications for developers.

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C++20 introduced modules as a - potential - fundamental shift in how we organize and consume C++ code. Sadly, the adoption has been slow — build system support lagged, compiler implementations were incomplete and diverging, and some of the original design decisions created unnecessary friction. C++26 addresses some of these pain points with three targeted fixes.

One of the practical problems with C++20 modules is that build systems need to figure out which module a source file belongs to before compiling it. That’s the dependency discovery problem: to build files in the right order, you need to know what each file imports and exports.

The C++20 grammar allows macros to appear in module declarations. You could write something like:

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